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European law --- Economic integration --- Western Europe --- European Economic Community. --- Economic integration. --- Western Europe. --- Union européenne

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International economic integration --- Labor market --- Labor market --- Manpower policy --- Manpower policy --- Europe --- Economic integration.

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International economic integration --- Commercial policy --- Regionalism --- Congresses --- Congresses --- Congresses

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This paper compares two possible formats for free trade in the Americas: a system of spokes surrounding a U.S. hub, and a free trade area. The paper identifies the sources of welfare change, and it argues that a country's attitude towards a system depends on whether the arrangement is a complement or a substitute trading club. The paper argues also that rent-seeking activities, and costs of administration and transportation, are likely to be higher in a hub-and-spoke system than in a free trade area.

Free trade --- International economic integration --- Mathematical models. --- Mathematical models.

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Europe 1992 --- 346.07094 --- Ea1.d --- European Communities. --- European Union countries --- -EU countries --- Euroland --- Europe --- Economic integration --- -Economic integration